A person may be granted subsidiary protection if they meet the following conditions:

• They are not a national of a European Union (EU) Member State.
• They do not qualify as a refugee under the 1951 Geneva Convention.
• There are substantial grounds to believe that returning to their country of origin would expose them to serious harm.
• They are unable or unwilling to seek protection from their home country due to the risk involved.

Definition of Serious Harm

The term serious harm includes:

1. The death penalty or execution – Risk of capital punishment in the applicant’s home country.
2. Torture, inhuman, or degrading treatment – Any form of physical or psychological abuse amounting to cruel, inhumane, or degrading punishment.
3. Indiscriminate violence due to armed conflict – A serious threat to a civilian’s life due to widespread violence in an international or internal armed conflict.

Conclusion

Subsidiary protection serves as an alternative form of protection for individuals who do not qualify as refugees but still face serious dangers in their home countries. Those who meet the criteria may apply for international protection under Irish law.